https://persiantreasury.com/ 2026-07-23 weekly 1.0 https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge 2026-07-23 weekly 0.95 https://persiantreasury.com/articles 2026-07-23 daily 0.95 https://persiantreasury.com/catalog 2026-07-23 weekly 0.9 https://persiantreasury.com/banknotes 2026-07-23 monthly 0.85 https://persiantreasury.com/persian-gold-coins 2026-07-23 monthly 0.85 https://persiantreasury.com/persia 2026-07-23 monthly 0.85 https://persiantreasury.com/timeline 2026-07-23 monthly 0.8 https://persiantreasury.com/rulers 2026-07-23 monthly 0.8 https://persiantreasury.com/mints 2026-07-23 monthly 0.8 https://persiantreasury.com/glossary 2026-07-23 monthly 0.85 https://persiantreasury.com/faq 2026-07-23 monthly 0.85 https://persiantreasury.com/sources 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/about 2026-07-23 yearly 0.5 https://persiantreasury.com/era/pre-achaemenid 2026-07-23 monthly 0.85 https://persiantreasury.com/era/achaemenid 2026-07-23 monthly 0.85 https://persiantreasury.com/era/seleucid 2026-07-23 monthly 0.85 https://persiantreasury.com/era/parthian 2026-07-23 monthly 0.85 https://persiantreasury.com/era/sasanian 2026-07-23 monthly 0.85 https://persiantreasury.com/era/arab-sasanian-islamic 2026-07-23 monthly 0.85 https://persiantreasury.com/era/timurid-safavid 2026-07-23 monthly 0.85 https://persiantreasury.com/era/afsharid-zand 2026-07-23 monthly 0.85 https://persiantreasury.com/era/qajar 2026-07-23 monthly 0.85 https://persiantreasury.com/era/pahlavi 2026-07-23 monthly 0.85 https://persiantreasury.com/era/islamic-republic 2026-07-23 monthly 0.85 https://persiantreasury.com/articles/fa-tehran-mint-tehran-mint 2026-07-17 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Ahmad_Shah_Qajar_minted_in_Tehran.jpg تهران به عنوان دارالخلافه ضرب: تحول نظام پولی ایران در عصر قاجار بررسی جامع تاریخچه تبدیل تهران به مرکز اصلی ضرب سکه در دوره قاجار، از تاسیس ضرابخانه ناصری تا مدرن‌سازی نظام پولی و تاثیر آن بر اقتصاد سیاسی ایران در قرن نوزدهم میلادی. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/tr-2500-years-medal-iran-monarsisinin-2500-y-l-madalyas-tarih-sembolizm-ve-arkeo 2026-07-15 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Medal_2500_years_of_the_Persian_Empire_overse_AEACollections.jpg İran Monarşisinin 2500. Yılı Madalyası: Tarih, Sembolizm ve Arkeoloji 1971 yılında darbedilen İran Monarşisinin 2500. Yılı Madalyası, Pehlevi Hanedanı'nın antik kökenlerini kutlayan eşsiz bir nümismatik ve tarihi sanat eseridir. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/es-pasargadae-pasargada-y-la-vision-de-ciro-el-grande-origen-de-la-arquite 2026-07-10 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Pasargadae_Ir_n_2016-09-24_DD_11.jpg Pasargada y la visión de Ciro el Grande: Origen de la arquitectura aqueménida Explore la historia y el diseño arquitectónico de Pasargada, la primera capital del Imperio aqueménida, donde Ciro el Grande estableció las bases del jardín real persa y el arte imperial. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/ru-pasargadae-pasargadae 2026-07-03 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Pasargadae_Ir_n_2016-09-24_DD_11.jpg Пасаргады: Видение Кира Великого и архитектурный код Ахеменидской империи Исследование архитектурного наследия Пасаргад, первой столицы Кира Великого, включая сады чахар-баг и монументальную гробницу основателя Ахеменидской державы. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/en-zand-gold-humility-in-gold-the-coinage-of-karim-khan-zand-from-shiraz- 2026-06-26 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_coin_of_Karim_Khan_Zand_minted_in_Khoy.jpg Humility in Gold: The Coinage of Karim Khan Zand from Shiraz and Khoy An exploration of the Zand dynasty’s unique numismatic legacy, focusing on Karim Khan's rejection of the title of Shah in favor of 'Vakil al-Ra'aya' and its impact on Persian monetary history. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/de-naqsh-e-rostam-naqsh-e-rostam-die-felsbilder-als-instrument-sasanidischer-s 2026-06-22 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Naqsh-e_Rostam.jpg Naqsh-e Rostam: Die Felsbilder als Instrument sasanidischer Staatsideologie Eine fundierte Analyse der Felsreliefs von Naqsh-e Rostam, der Triumphdarstellungen Schapurs I. und der ikonographischen Parallelen zur sasanidischen Numismatik. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/fr-storage-care-la-conservation-des-monnaies-anciennes-patrimoine-de-l-iran 2026-06-21 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/1_pahlavi_gold_coin_reza_shah_pahlavi_legend.jpg La Conservation des Monnaies Anciennes : Patrimoine de l'Iran Un guide complet sur la préservation du patrimoine numismatique perse, traitant des risques chimiques, du stockage optimal et de l'éthique de la non-restauration. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/fr-qajar-toman-le-toman-qajar-l-eclat-de-l-or-au-service-d-un-empire-en-mut 2026-06-21 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_coin_of_Naser_al-Din_Shah_Qajar_struck_at_the_Tehran_mint.jpg Le Toman Qajar : L'éclat de l'or au service d'un empire en mutation Découvrez l'histoire fascinante du toman d'or, de l'élégance calligraphique de Fath-Ali Shah à la modernisation monétaire radicale sous Nasir al-Din Shah. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/fr-zand-gold-karim-khan-zand-l-heritage-numismatique-du-vakil-a-chiraz-et 2026-06-21 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_coin_of_Karim_Khan_Zand_minted_in_Khoy.jpg Karim Khan Zand : L’Héritage Numismatique du Vakil à Chiraz et Khoy Une analyse approfondie du monnayage de Karim Khan Zand, explorant ses titres modestes, ses ateliers de Chiraz et Khoy, et l'esthétique calligraphique d'une Perse en quête de stabilité. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/fr-shah-ismail-coinage-le-marteau-et-la-foi-shah-ismail-ier-et-la-monnaie-safavide 2026-06-21 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Shah_Ismail_I_minted_in_Tabriz.jpg Le Marteau et la Foi : Shah Ismaïl Ier et la Monnaie Safavide Une exploration approfondie de la révolution numismatique de Shah Ismaïl Ier, marquant l'imposition du chiisme duodécimain en Iran à travers la caligraphie monétaire. 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https://persiantreasury.com/articles/fr-saffarid-ya-qub-al-layth-et-l-heritage-des-saffarides-une-revolution- 2026-06-21 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Ya_qub_al-Layth_s_Silver_Dirham.jpg Ya’qub al-Layth et l'Héritage des Saffarides : Une Révolution Monétaire Découvrez l'ascension fulgurante de Ya’qub al-Layth, le dinandier devenu émir, et son rôle crucial dans la renaissance de l'identité perse à travers le monnayage saffaride. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/fr-parthian-tetradrachm-l-heritage-d-alexandre-la-tetradrachme-parthe-et-l-esprit-de 2026-06-21 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Mithradates_I_of_Parthia_Seleucia_mint.jpg L'Héritage d'Alexandre : La Tétradrachme Parthe et l'Esprit de l'Hellénisme Une analyse approfondie de l'évolution monétaire de l'Empire arsacide, explorant comment les tétradrachmes ont fusionné les standards séleucides avec l'iconographie royale iranienne. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/fr-khwarazmshahs-l-empire-des-khwarezmshahs-l-apogee-dore-avant-l-orage-mongo 2026-06-21 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Ala_Al-Din_Muhammad_Khwarazmshah_gold_coin.jpg L'Empire des Khwarezmshahs : L'Apogée Doré avant l'Orage Mongol Une analyse approfondie du règne d'Ala al-Din Muhammad II, de la splendeur de ses frappes monétaires en or à l'effondrement brutal de la dynastie khwarezmienne face aux hordes de Gengis Khan. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/fr-safavid-abbasi-l-abbasi-safavide-l-argent-au-service-de-l-empire-de-chah-ab 2026-06-21 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Shah_Abbas_the_Great_minted_in_Mashhad.jpg L'abbasi safavide : l'argent au service de l'Empire de Chah Abbas Découvrez comment la réforme monétaire de Chah Abbas le Grand a stabilisé l'économie iranienne du XVIIe siècle grâce à l'abbasi, une monnaie d'argent devenue une référence commerciale mondiale. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/fr-qajar-dynasty-la-numismatique-qajare-un-miroir-de-la-modernisation-de-la-p 2026-06-21 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Mohammad_Ali_Qajar_Gold_Toman.jpg La Numismatique Qajare : Un Miroir de la Modernisation de la Perse Une exploration approfondie de l'évolution monétaire de la Perse sous la dynastie Qajare, marquant le passage de la frappe manuelle à la mécanisation moderne du toman. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/fr-imperial-bank-persia-l-imperial-bank-of-persia-aux-origines-de-la-fiduciaire-mode 2026-06-21 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/IRA-1b-Imperial_Bank_of_Persia-One_Toman_1906_.jpg L'Imperial Bank of Persia : Aux Origines de la Fiduciaire Moderne en Iran Une exploration détaillée de l'histoire de l'Imperial Bank of Persia, institution britannique pivotale ayant introduit le papier-monnaie sous la dynastie Qajar au XIXe siècle. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/fr-fath-ali-shah-portrait-le-visage-du-pouvoir-fath-ali-shah-et-le-portrait-royal-qadj 2026-06-21 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Fath-Ali_Shah_Qajar_minted_in_Isfahan.jpg Le Visage du Pouvoir : Fath-Ali Shah et le Portrait Royal Qadjar Une analyse approfondie du renouveau de l'iconographie impériale sous le règne de Fath-Ali Shah Qadjar, marquant le retour du portrait souverain sur le monnayage persan. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/ar-tehran-mint-tehran-mint 2026-06-18 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Ahmad_Shah_Qajar_minted_in_Tehran.jpg طهران عاصمة المسكوكات: التحول النقدي في العصر القاجاري تستعرض هذه المقالة تاريخ تحول طهران إلى المركز الرئيسي لسك العملة في إيران، مسلطة الضوء على الإصلاحات الهيكلية في عهد ناصر الدين شاه وانتقال النظام النقدي من السك اليدوي إلى الصناعة الميكانيكية الحديثة. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/fa-samanid-dinar-samanid-dinar 2026-06-17 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_coin_of_the_Samanid_ruler_Abd_al-Malik_I_minted_at_Nishapur_in_955_or_956.jpg طلای سامانی و ضرابخانه نیشابور: تبلور شکوه رنسانس ایرانی بررسی عمیق نقش محوری سکه‌های طلای نیشابور در مدیریت دیوان‌سالاری بخارا و شکوفایی اقتصادی و فرهنگی قلمرو سامانیان در قرون سوم و چهارم هجری. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/en-isfahan-mint-the-isfahan-mint-the-engine-of-safavid-prosperity-under-shah 2026-06-16 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Shah_Soltan_Hoseyn_minted_in_Isfahan_dated_1717-1718.jpg The Isfahan Mint: The Engine of Safavid Prosperity under Shah Abbas I An in-depth exploration of the royal mint in Isfahan during the reign of Shah Abbas I, examining its role in the global silver trade and its position in the Naqsh-e Jahan. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/tr-taq-kasra-tak-kisra-sasani-muhendisliginin-gorkemli-miras-ve-tizpon-un 2026-06-15 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/The_Arch_of_Ctesiphon_at_Taq_Kisra.jpg Tâk-ı Kisrâ: Sâsânî Mühendisliğinin Görkemli Mirası ve Tizpon’un Dev Kemeri Antik çağın en geniş tek parça tuğla kemeri olan Tâk-ı Kisrâ, Sâsânî Pers İmparatorluğu'nun ihtişamını, mimari dehasını ve Mezopotamya'daki kültürel egemenliğini simgeleyen anıtsal bir yapıdır. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/ja-fire-altar-fire-altar 2026-06-15 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Ardashir_I_minted_in_Hamadan.jpg ササン朝コインにおける聖火壇：ゾロアスター教の神学と王権の象徴 ササン朝ペルシアの銀貨「ドラム」の裏面には、ゾロアスター教の聖なる火を守る祭壇と二人の侍者の図像が描かれ、当時の宗教観と統治体制を象徴しています。 https://persiantreasury.com/articles/ru-abbasid-dirham-abbasid-dirham 2026-06-15 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_dinar_of_Harun_al-Rashid_184AH.jpg Аббасидский дирхем: Серебряный мост между Востоком и Севером Исследование роли аббасидского дирхема как первой по-настоящему глобальной валюты, объединившей монетные дворы Ирана со Скандинавией через каллиграфию и торговлю. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/de-mashhad-mint-die-munzstatte-von-maschhad-heiligkeit-und-handel-im-safawid 2026-06-15 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Shah_Tahmasp_I_Imam_Reza_Mashhad_mint.jpg Die Münzstätte von Maschhad: Heiligkeit und Handel im safawidischen Iran Eine Untersuchung der Münzprägung in der heiligen Stadt Maschhad, die Rolle des Imam-Reza-Schreins in der Pilgerwirtschaft und die silbernen Drachmen unter Schah Tahmasp. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/fr-timurid-coinage-le-tanka-timouride-apogee-de-l-art-et-de-la-science-a-samarc 2026-06-15 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Timurids._Ulugh_Beg_I._AH_850-853_AD_1447-1449._AR_Tanka_25.5mm_5.53_g_3h_._Herat_mint._Dated_AH_852_AD_1448-9.jpg Le Tanka Timouride : Apogée de l'Art et de la Science à Samarcande et Hérat Découvrez l'histoire fascinante du tanka d'argent sous le règne d'Ulugh Beg, une monnaie où l'élégance de la calligraphie persane rencontre la précision scientifique de l'astronomie timouride. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/es-ilkhanid-coinage-la-numismatica-iljanida-reflejo-del-sincretismo-y-la-fe-en-e 2026-06-15 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_Dinar_of_Arghun_Baghdad_684_H_1285-1286_.jpg La numismática iljánida: Reflejo del sincretismo y la fe en el Irán mongol Un análisis profundo sobre la evolución de la moneda bajo el Iljanato, desde las inscripciones trilingües hasta la estandarización del tanka tras la conversión al islam de Ghazan Khan. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/zh-isfahan-mint-isfahan-mint 2026-06-15 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Shah_Soltan_Hoseyn_minted_in_Isfahan_dated_1717-1718.jpg 萨法维王朝的权力天平：阿拔斯大帝时期的伊斯法罕造币厂 通过对伊斯法罕造币厂的历史考察，本文深入分析了阿拔斯大帝统治时期，作为帝国经济中枢的广场手工艺区如何推动白银货币的产出，以及货币上的铭文与印记如何体现了萨法维王朝的政治野心与艺术造诣。 https://persiantreasury.com/articles/ar-isfahan-mint-isfahan-mint 2026-06-15 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Shah_Soltan_Hoseyn_minted_in_Isfahan_dated_1717-1718.jpg دار ضرب أصفهان في عهد الشاه عباس الكبير: مركز الثقل الاقتصادي الصفوي تستعرض هذه المقالة دور دار ضرب أصفهان خلال العصر الصفوي، وتسلط الضوء على آليات إنتاج العملة الفضية في ميدان نقش جهان وتأثير الإصلاحات النقدية للشاه عباس الأول. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/fa-mashhad-mint-mashhad-mint 2026-06-15 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Shah_Tahmasp_I_Imam_Reza_Mashhad_mint.jpg ضرابخانه مشهد: تلاقی ایمان و اقتدار اقتصادی در عصر صفوی بررسی نقش کلیدی ضرابخانه مشهد در دوران صفویه و تحلیل چگونگی تبدیل شدن این شهر مذهبی به قطب ضرب سکه‌های نقره و طلا تحت نظارت شاه طهماسب یکم. https://persiantreasury.com/articles/en-reza-shah-banknotes-the-dawn-of-the-modern-rial-reza-shah-and-the-transition-of- 2026-06-15 monthly 0.75 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Reza_Shah_100_Rials_banknote_1st_series_obverse.jpg The Dawn of the Modern Rial: Reza Shah and the Transition of Iranian Currency This article explores the 1932 transition from the qaran to the rial under Reza Shah Pahlavi, marking a pivotal shift toward nationalized fiscal sovereignty in Iran. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#achaemenid-daric 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Daric_of_the_Achaemenid_Empire_Darius_I_to_Xerxes_II_.jpg The Achaemenid daric: empire's first gold standard History, weight standard (~8.4g), iconography (kneeling archer), trade reach. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#achaemenid-siglos 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Achaemenid_Empire_Xerxes_II_to_Artaxerxes_II_.jpg The siglos: silver companion to the daric Silver siglos minted in Sardis, exchange rate with gold daric, archer types. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#achaemenid-satrapal 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/PERSIA_Alexandrine_Empire._Mazaios._Satrap_of_Babylon_circa_331-328_BC.jpg Satrapal coinage of 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on early Arsacid coinage, royal portraits. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#parthian-drachm 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Mithridates_II_of_Parthia.jpg Parthian silver drachms: a 400-year series Continuity of the seated archer reverse, Hellenistic-to-Iranian portrait shift. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#orodes-tetradrachm 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Parthia_-_king_Orodes_I_-_90-77_BC_-_silver_tetradrachm_-_bust_of_Orodes_I_-_archer_-_M_nchen_SMS.jpg Orodes I of Parthia and the archer tetradrachm 90–77 BC issues, portrait style, seated archer reverse. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#phraates-iv 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Parthia_-_king_Phraates_IV_-_37-2_BC_-_silver_tetradrachm_-_bust_of_Phraates_IV_-_king_and_Tyche_-_M_nchen_SMS.jpg Phraates IV and the tetradrachm of alliance 37–2 BC, reverse of king with Tyche, Roman diplomacy, portrait iconography. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#vologases-i 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Tetradrachm_of_Vologases_I_minted_at_Seleucia.jpg Vologases I and the first Aramaic script on Arsacid coins First appearance of Parthian Aramaic script on tetradrachms, Seleucia mint. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#vologases-vi 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Vologases_VI_of_Parthia.jpg Vologases VI and the last Arsacid drachms Twilight of the Parthian empire, coin quality decline, Sasanian succession. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#artabanus-iv 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Artabanus_IV_cropped_Hamadan_mint.jpg Artabanus IV: the last Parthian king in silver Struggle with Ardashir I, Hamadan mint drachms, transitional style. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#sasanian-drachm 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Drachma_Khosrow_I_Anushirvan_5390188708_.jpg The Sasanian drachm: numismatic backbone of late antiquity Thin broad flan, Pahlavi legends, fire altar reverse, mint signatures, regnal years. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#sasanian-gold-dinar 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Dinar_of_Shapur_I_ca._260-272.jpg Sasanian gold dinars and royal ceremony Rare ceremonial issues, Shapur I bust types, weight tied to Roman aureus. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#ardashir-i-hamadan 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Ardashir_I_minted_in_Hamadan.jpg Ardashir I and the founding coinage of the Sasanian state Break with Parthia, Hamadan mint drachms, fire altar iconography debut. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#shapur-i-silver 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Silver_coin_of_Shapur_I_241-272_CE_from_Iraq_Sulaymaniyah_Museum.jpg Shapur I and the silver coinage of a conqueror Sulaymaniyah Museum specimens, victory over Valerian, crown iconography. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#shapur-iii-gold 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_coin_of_Shapur_III.jpg The gold coinage of Shapur III Late 4th-century gold dinars, weight standard, crown of Shapur III. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#bahram-ii-family 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_the_Sasanian_king_Bahram_II_1_.jpg Bahram II and the family portrait drachm Unique three-figure obverse (king, queen, prince), religious symbolism. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#bahram-v-sind 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Vahr_m_Bahram_V_CE_420-438_AV_Dinar_23mm_7.08_g_Sind_mint.jpg Bahram V and the gold dinar of the Sind mint Sasanian outreach to India, easternmost gold, weight and portrait analysis. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#peroz-i-drachm 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Peroz_I_minted_in_Adurbadagan.jpg Peroz I and the crown-changes of the Sasanian dynasty Three crown types across one reign, Adurbadagan mint, Hephthalite wars. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#kavad-ahvaz 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_the_Sasanian_king_Kavad_I_minted_at_Ahvaz_during_his_first_reign.jpg Kavad I and the Ahvaz mint's first-reign drachms Mazdakite reforms, mint of Ahvaz, first vs. second reign portrait distinctions. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#bahram-chobin 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Bahram_Chobin_Susa_mint.jpg Bahram Chobin: the general who became king Brief usurpation, Susa mint drachms, Zoroastrian legitimacy questions. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#yazdegerd-iii 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_the_Sasanian_king_Yazdegerd_III_651_mint.jpg Yazdegerd III and the last Sasanian coinage 651 CE issues, flight from the Arab conquest, mint output collapse. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#lydian-electrum 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Lydia_-_650-560_BC_-_elektron_trite_-_head_of_lion_-_two_quadrata_incusa_-_M_nchen_SMS.jpg Lydian electrum and the invention of coinage Why true coinage starts in Lydia/Persia's western frontier, lion-and-bull stater. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#kroisos-gold 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Lydia_-_king_Kroisos_-_561-520_BC_-_gold_stater_-_foreparts_of_lion_and_bull_-_two_quadrata_incusa_-_London_BM.jpg The gold stater of Kroisos: first pure-gold coinage Separation of gold from silver at Sardis, weight standard, lion-and-bull. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#elymais-coinage 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Elymais_King_Kamnaskires_V_struck_at_the_Seleucia_on_the_Hedyphon_mint.jpg Elymais: a forgotten kingdom on the Karun Bronze and silver of Kamnaskires and Orodes, Aramaic legends, Susa region. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#seleucid-antiochus-i 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Antiochos_I_Soter_tetradrachm_obverse.jpg Antiochus I Soter and the Seleucid tetradrachm Portrait style, Apollo on omphalos reverse, mints of Iran. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#antiochus-iv-antioch 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Antiochus_IV_Epiphanes_from_Antioch_Yale_University_Art_Gallery_inv._1938.6000.2772_-_YDEA_-_142170.jpg Antiochus IV Epiphanes and the coinage of Antioch Radiate portrait, Zeus enthroned reverse, ideological messaging. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#diodotus-bactria 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Diodotus_I_tetradrachm_obverse_and_reverse_NMAT_N473-1_v2.jpg Diodotus I and the breakaway coinage of Bactria Independence from Seleucids, Zeus reverse, Hellenistic Iran's eastern frontier. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#arab-sasanian 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Arab-Sasanian_Dirham_in_the_name_of_Ubayd_Allah_ibn_Ziyad.jpg Arab-Sasanian drachms: continuity after conquest Why early Umayyad governors kept Sasanian dies, bismillah margin, Tabaristan series. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#arab-sasanian-tabaristan 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Arab-Sasanian_coin_of_the_Tabaristan_type_issued_under_Caliph_al-Mahdi.jpg The Arab-Sasanian coinage of Tabaristan Al-Mahdi-era hemidrachms, Caspian province autonomy, half-drachm weight. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#umayyad-reform-dinar 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/First_Umayyad_gold_dinar_Caliph_Abd_al-Malik_695_CE.jpg Abd al-Malik and the 696 coinage reform The first purely epigraphic Islamic dinar, theological motivation, weight standard. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#abbasid-dirham 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_dinar_of_Harun_al-Rashid_184AH.jpg The Abbasid silver dirham as a global currency Reach into Scandinavia, mint cities of Iran, calligraphic evolution. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#tahirid-ray 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Tahir_ibn_Husayn_minted_in_al-Muhammadiya_Ray_.jpg Tahir ibn Husayn and the Tahirid coinage of al-Muhammadiya Governor turned dynast, dirhams of Ray, Khorasan autonomy. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#samanid-dinar 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_coin_of_the_Samanid_ruler_Abd_al-Malik_I_minted_at_Nishapur_in_955_or_956.jpg Samanid gold and the Nishapur mint Bukhara's bureaucracy, Nishapur's output, Persian renaissance under Samanids. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#buyid-coinage 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Adud_al-Dawla_minted_at_Basra_dated_982-983.jpg Buyid coinage and Shiʿi titulature Adud al-Dawla's medallic dinars, revived Persian titles, Baghdad and Shiraz mints. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#seljuq-dinar 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Dinar_of_Malik_Shah_I_AH_465-485.jpg Seljuq dinars between caliph and sultan Dual naming of caliph and sultan, Malik Shah issues, expanding mint network. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#ghurid-muizz 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Mu_izz_al-Din_Muhammad._AH_599-602_AD_1171-1206.jpg Muizz al-Din Muhammad Ghori and Ghurid coinage Persian sultan, campaigns into India, hybrid Persian-Indic dies. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#ilkhanid-coinage 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_Dinar_of_Arghun_Baghdad_684_H_1285-1286_.jpg Ilkhanid coinage after the Mongol conquest Trilingual inscriptions, conversion to Islam under Ghazan, Tabriz tankas. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#qutlughkhanids 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Qutlughkhanids._Muzaffar_al-Din_Muhammad_Shah_Sultan._AH_695-703_AD_1296-1304._AR_Dirham_20mm_2.48_g_12h_._Citing_the_Ilkhan_Ghazan_Mahmud_as_overlord.jpg The Qutlughkhanids of Kirman under Ilkhanid overlordship Muzaffar al-Din Muhammad Shah, dirhams citing Ghazan Mahmud, Kirman mint. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#timurid-coinage 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Timurids._Ulugh_Beg_I._AH_850-853_AD_1447-1449._AR_Tanka_25.5mm_5.53_g_3h_._Herat_mint._Dated_AH_852_AD_1448-9.jpg Timurid coinage: silver tanka of Samarkand and Herat Ulugh Beg's Herat tanka, astronomical context, Persian artistic flowering. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#timur-baghdad-tanka 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Timur_coin._Citing_Chagatai_khan_Mahmud._Baghdad_mint._Dated_AH_795_AD_1393_.jpg Timur's coinage citing the Chagatai khan Baghdad mint 1393 tanka, political theatre of legitimacy through a puppet khan. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#aq-qoyunlu 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_coin_of_the_Aq_Qoyunlu_ruler_Baysunghur_Tabriz_mint.jpg Aq Qoyunlu coinage: White Sheep in Tabriz Uzun Hasan and Baysunghur tankas, transition to Safavid coinage. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#safavid-abbasi 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Shah_Abbas_the_Great_minted_in_Mashhad.jpg The Safavid abbasi: a silver standard for an empire Shah Abbas reform, weight of the abbasi, mint cities across the realm. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#shah-ismail-coinage 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Shah_Ismail_I_minted_in_Tabriz.jpg Shah Ismail I and the Shiʿi shahada on coins Twelver Shiʿi legends, Tabriz mint, religious-political messaging in metal. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#shah-soltan-hoseyn 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Shah_Soltan_Hoseyn_minted_in_Isfahan_dated_1717-1718.jpg Shah Soltan Hoseyn and the Isfahan mint's twilight 1717–18 issues on the eve of the Afghan invasion, silver output. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#suleiman-sistan-abbasi 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Silver_abbasi_of_Suleiman_I_struck_at_the_Sistan_mint.jpg The silver abbasi of Suleiman I from Sistan Provincial output, Sistan mint marks, late-Safavid silver quality. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#afsharid-rupee 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/ISLAMIC_Persia_Post-Mongol_._Afsharids._Nadir_Shah._As_king_AH_1148-1160_AD_1736-1747._AR_Double_Rupee_24mm_22.45_g_8h_._Kabul_mint._Dated_AH_1151_AD_1738_9_559_1_.jpg Nader Shah's Indian campaign and the double rupee Plunder of Delhi, Kabul-mint silver rupees, hybrid Persian-Mughal weight standards. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#nader-shah-isfahan 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Nader_Shah_minted_in_Isfahan.jpg Nader Shah's coinage from the Isfahan mint Post-Safavid restoration, poetic couplets, weight and titulature. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#zand-gold 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_coin_of_Karim_Khan_Zand_minted_in_Khoy.jpg Karim Khan Zand: a vakil's coinage from Shiraz and Khoy Zand titles ('Vakil al-Ra'aya'), modest gold issues, post-Afsharid civil war. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#qajar-toman 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_coin_of_Naser_al-Din_Shah_Qajar_struck_at_the_Tehran_mint.jpg The Qajar toman: gold for a transforming empire Fath-Ali Shah portrait issues, Nasir al-Din's machine-struck gold, value vs. dollar. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#fath-ali-shah-portrait 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Fath-Ali_Shah_Qajar_minted_in_Isfahan.jpg Fath-Ali Shah and the return of the royal portrait First Qajar to put his bust on coins, beard iconography, propaganda value. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#fath-ali-tabriz-gold 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_coin_of_Fath-Ali_Shah_Qajar_struck_at_the_Tabriz_mint.jpg The gold of Fath-Ali Shah struck at Tabriz Tabriz mint output, Qajar crown-prince court, gold denominations. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#fath-ali-nowruz 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Fath-Ali_Shah_Qajar_minted_in_Tabriz_dated_1811-2._Treasure_coin_presented_on_the_occasion_of_Nowruz_celebrations.jpg Qajar Nowruz treasure coins from Tabriz 1811 Fath-Ali Shah presentation issue, Nowruz gift tradition, high-relief strike. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#fath-ali-ganja 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Fath-Ali_Shah_Qajar_struck_at_the_Ganja_mint_obverse_.jpg The Qajar Ganja mint under Fath-Ali Shah Caucasian mint, Russo-Persian frontier, silver output. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#mohammad-ali-toman 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Mohammad_Ali_Qajar_Gold_Toman.jpg The gold toman of Mohammad Ali Shah Constitutional Revolution era, Qajar iconography under political pressure. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#naser-al-din-machine 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Naser_al-Din_Shah_Qajar_minted_in_Tehran.jpg Nasir al-Din Shah and Iran's first machine-struck coins Imported Belgian presses, Tehran mint modernization, uniform strike quality. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#naser-10-tuman 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Naser_al-Din_Qajar_10_Tuman_Coin.jpg The 10-tuman gold coin of Nasir al-Din Shah Large denomination, lion-and-sun reverse, presentation contexts. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#naser-50-dinar 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/IRAN_Nasir_al-Din_Shah_1848-1896_50_dinars.jpg The small change of Nasir al-Din: 50-dinar coppers Base-metal coinage for daily use, denominations below the toman. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#naser-10-toman-1896 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Iran_AH1314_c.1896_10_Toman.jpg The 1896 10-toman piece and Nasir al-Din's last coinage Assassination year issue, iconographic continuity, weight standard. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#qiran-herat 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Qiran_Coin_of_Naser_al-Din_Qajar_minted_in_Herat.jpg The qiran of Herat under Nasir al-Din Silver qiran denomination, Herat mint, Afghan frontier context. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#mozaffar-al-din 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Mozaffar_ad-Din_Shah_Qajar_minted_in_Tehran.jpg Mozaffar al-Din Shah and the coinage of a fading regime Constitutional Revolution context, Tehran mint issues, nastaliq calligraphy. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#ahmad-shah-tehran 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Ahmad_Shah_Qajar_minted_in_Tehran.jpg Ahmad Shah Qajar: coinage of Iran's last Qajar Tehran mint, 1909–25 issues, dynasty's fall to Reza Khan. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#isfahan-shahi-1690 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/20_Shahi_M_nze_-_Persien_-_Isfahan_1690.jpg The 20-shahi coin of 1690 Isfahan Safavid silver denomination, Isfahan mint marks, purchasing power in context. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#pahlavi-gold 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/1_pahlavi_gold_coin_reza_shah_pahlavi_legend.jpg The Pahlavi: 20th-century gold of the Iranian crown Reza Shah's silver and gold, full and quarter Pahlavi sizes, post-1925 modernization. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#reza-shah-tehran-gold 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_coin_of_Reza_Shah_struck_at_the_Tehran_mint.jpg The gold coinage of Reza Shah from the Tehran mint 1930s issues, Bank Melli era, weight and lion-and-sun iconography. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#reza-first-nowruz 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_commemorating_Reza_Shah_Pahlavi_s_first_Nowruz_celebration.jpg Reza Shah's first-Nowruz commemorative coin Pahlavi legitimacy building, Nowruz iconography, commemorative context. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#5-pahlavi-gold 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/5_Pahlavi_-_Iranian_Golden_coin.jpg The 5-Pahlavi: crown jewel of Iranian gold coinage Large gold denomination, weight ~40 g, presentation and hoarding. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#10-pahlavi-1976 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Obverse_-_10_Pahlavi_Golden_Coin_1976.jpg The 10-Pahlavi of 1976: gold at its largest Mohammad Reza era mega-denomination, ceremonial function, gold hedge for citizens. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#pahlavi-rial-set 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/1_Rial_coin_of_the_Pahlavi_Empire_of_Iran.jpg The rial coin series of the Pahlavi Empire 1-, 2-, 5-, 10-, 20-rial base-metal denominations, iconographic evolution. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#1978-20-rial 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/1978_minted_coin_-_Reza_Shah_and_Mohammad_Reza_Shah_Pahlavi_motifs_on_the_back_and_sides_of_the_coin_-_20_Rials_-_with_quotes_from_both_Shahs_about_National_Bank_on_the_coins.jpg The 1978 20-rial coin: Bank Melli commemorative Reza Shah and Mohammad Reza portraits, National Bank quotes, dual-Shah iconography. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#2500-years-medal 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Medal_2500_years_of_the_Persian_Empire_overse_AEACollections.jpg The 1971 medal for 2,500 years of Persian monarchy Persepolis celebration, commemorative coins and medals, Pahlavi iconography. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#2500-years-50-rial 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/50_rials_of_second_Pahlavi_for_2500_years_of_Persian_empire_front_.jpg The 50-rial coin for 2,500 years of empire 1971 commemorative circulating coin, Persepolis winged bull reverse. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#revolution-20-rial 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Reverse_of_Iranian_20_Rials_coin_-_monument_of_3rd_anniversary_of_Islamic_revolution_cropped_square_.jpg The 20-rial coin of the Islamic Revolution's third anniversary 1982 monument reverse, Islamic Republic iconography, post-1979 monetary continuity. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#imperial-bank-persia 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/IRA-1b-Imperial_Bank_of_Persia-One_Toman_1906_.jpg The Imperial Bank of Persia and its tomans British charter, payable-in-city banknotes (Yazd, Tehran), Naser al-Din era. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#imperial-bank-yazd 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Naser_al-Din_Qajar_one_Tuman_Banknote-_payable_in_Yazd.jpg The Yazd-payable one-toman of the Imperial Bank City-restricted circulation, Nasir al-Din portrait, provincial banking. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#imperial-bank-1t 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Naser_Aldin_Shah_1_Toman_specimen_banknote_Obverse.jpg The 1-toman specimen note of Nasir al-Din Shah Design, security features of 1890s issues, printer identity. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#imperial-bank-10t 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Naser_Aldin_Shah_10_Toman_banknote_Obverse.jpg The 10-toman Imperial Bank note High-denomination Qajar banknote, engraving quality, portraiture. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#imperial-bank-25t 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Naser_Aldin_Shah_25_Toman_specimen_banknote_Obverse.jpg The 25-toman specimen note of the Imperial Bank Rare denomination, De La Rue printing, iconographic details. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#reza-shah-banknotes 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Reza_Shah_100_Rials_banknote_1st_series_obverse.jpg Reza Shah and the rial banknote series 1932 currency reform from toman to rial, Bank Melli, first state-issued notes. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#reza-1000-rial 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Reza_Shah_Pahlavi_1000_Rial_banknote_obverse_1st_series.jpg The 1000-rial banknote of Reza Shah Largest denomination of the first Bank Melli series, engraving details. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#reza-500-rial 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/500_Rials_banknote_Reza_Shah.avif The 500-rial banknote of Reza Shah 1930s design, national imagery, transition from Qajar tomans. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#pahlavi-100-rial 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/100_Rials_Iranian_Bank_Note_front.jpg The 100-rial banknote of Mohammad Reza Shah Second Pahlavi series, portrait style, Bank Melli backing. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#pahlavi-banknotes 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Kingdom_of_Iran_10000_Rials_Banknote_1978_-_Second_Pahlavi_King_obverse_.jpg Pahlavi-era banknotes: portraiture and modernism Mohammad Reza Shah portrait notes, Persepolis vignettes, design evolution. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#pahlavi-50-rial 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/50_Rials_banknote_of_the_Pahlavi_Empire.jpg The 50-rial banknote of the Pahlavi era Mid-denomination note, iconography, mid-1970s design. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#pahlavi-1000-rial 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Banknote_of_second_Pahlavi_-_1000_rials_front_.jpg The 1000-rial banknote of Mohammad Reza Late-Pahlavi high denomination, security thread, engraved vignettes. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#pahlavi-10000-1971 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Mohammad_reza_10000_R_1971-O.jpg The 10,000-rial banknote of 1971 2500-years-of-empire era high denomination, ceremonial iconography. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#pahlavi-1000-1969 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Mohammad_reza_1000_R_1969_-_O.jpg The 1000-rial banknote of 1969 Sixth-series design, portrait, Bank Melli issuance. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#islamic-republic-notes 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/10000_Rials_banknote_of_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran.jpg Banknotes of the Islamic Republic Religious iconography, Imam Khomeini portrait series, security features. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#irr-2000-1982 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/2000_IRR_1982_Front.jpg The 2000-rial banknote of 1982 Early Islamic Republic issue, Al-Aqsa mosque motif, iconographic shift. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#irr-5000-1981 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/5000_IRR_1981_Typ_2_Front.jpg The 5000-rial banknote of 1981 Early revolutionary iconography, Khomeini portrait absent, transitional design. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#irr-10000-1981 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/10000_IRR_1981_Typ_2_Front.jpg The 10,000-rial banknote of 1981 High-denomination early Islamic Republic note, iconography, security. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#irr-revolution-overprint 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Iran_5000_Rials_overprint_banknote_ob_1st.jpg 1979 revolution and Iran's overprinted banknotes Crown overprints, transition coinage, monetary continuity through political rupture. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#isfahan-mint 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Shah_Soltan_Hoseyn_minted_in_Isfahan_dated_1717-1718.jpg The Isfahan mint under Shah Abbas Maydan-i Naqsh-e Jahan's craft district, Safavid silver output, mint signatures. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#tabriz-mint 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Fath-Ali_Shah_Qajar_minted_in_Tabriz_dated_1811-2._Treasure_coin_presented_on_the_occasion_of_Nowruz_celebrations.jpg Tabriz: a thousand years of striking coins Ilkhanid, Aq Qoyunlu, Safavid, Qajar — why Tabriz hosted so many capitals' mints. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#mashhad-mint 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Shah_Tahmasp_I_Imam_Reza_Mashhad_mint.jpg Mashhad and the shrine-city mint Pilgrimage economy, Shah Tahmasp dinars at Imam Reza's mint, Safavid silver. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#tehran-mint 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Ahmad_Shah_Qajar_minted_in_Tehran.jpg Tehran becomes a mint capital Qajar move of administration to Tehran, modernization under Nasir al-Din. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#ctesiphon-mint 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/The_Arch_of_Ctesiphon_at_Taq_Kisra.jpg Ctesiphon and the Sasanian capital's mintwork Court mint near the Taq Kasra, drachm output, mint signatures (CT/CTI). https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#hamadan-mint 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Ardashir_I_minted_in_Hamadan.jpg Hamadan (Ecbatana): mint from Achaemenid to Qajar Continuity across two millennia, Sasanian AHM signature, Islamic-era output. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#shiraz-mint 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Adud_al-Dawla_minted_at_Basra_dated_982-983.jpg Shiraz: the Zand and Buyid mint of Fars Adud al-Dawla's issues, Karim Khan's vakil coinage, Fars provincial output. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#nishapur-mint 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_coin_of_the_Samanid_ruler_Abd_al-Malik_I_minted_at_Nishapur_in_955_or_956.jpg Nishapur: Samanid capital of Khorasan's minting Silk Road hub, silver dinars, ceramic and mint craft in one city. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#herat-mint 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Timurids._Ulugh_Beg_I._AH_850-853_AD_1447-1449._AR_Tanka_25.5mm_5.53_g_3h_._Herat_mint._Dated_AH_852_AD_1448-9.jpg Herat: Timurid mint at the heart of a cultural empire Ulugh Beg's tanka, Persianate manuscript culture, Silk Road position. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#susa-mint 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Bahram_Chobin_Susa_mint.jpg Susa: from Elamite ziggurat to Sasanian drachms Multi-millennium minting, Elymais, Bahram Chobin's mint, archaeological context. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#seleucia-mint 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Tetradrachm_of_Vologases_I_minted_at_Seleucia.jpg Seleucia on the Tigris: the Parthian tetradrachm mint Greek city on the Tigris, Arsacid silver, Roman-era decline. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#lion-and-sun 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Naser_al-Din_Qajar_10_Tuman_Coin.jpg The Lion and Sun: a thousand-year emblem Origins in Seljuq/Mongol iconography, Safavid adoption, Qajar standardization. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#fire-altar 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Ardashir_I_minted_in_Hamadan.jpg The fire altar on Sasanian coins Zoroastrian theology, two attendants iconography, mint and date placement. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#kneeling-archer 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Daric_coin_of_the_Achaemenid_Empire_Darius_III_.jpg Reading the kneeling archer on the daric Royal hunter vs. warrior interpretation, posture, bow type, Greek reception. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#pahlavi-script 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Peroz_I_minted_in_Adurbadagan.jpg Reading Pahlavi script on Sasanian drachms Letter forms, royal name conventions, regnal years, mint signatures (BBA, AS, WH). https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#kufic-script 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_dinar_of_Harun_al-Rashid_184AH.jpg Kufic calligraphy on early Islamic coinage Angular script, theological mottos, regional Kufic variants on Abbasid dirhams. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#nastaliq-coins 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Mozaffar_ad-Din_Shah_Qajar_minted_in_Tehran.jpg Nastaliq on Safavid and Qajar coins Persian cursive replacing Arabic Kufic, poetic couplets on tomans, royal titulature. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#sasanian-crowns 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Drachma_Khosrow_I_Anushirvan_5390188708_.jpg Sasanian crowns: a visual dynasty How each king's crown identifies him, cosmic symbolism, changes within a reign. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#royal-portrait-evolution 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Fath-Ali_Shah_Qajar_minted_in_Isfahan.jpg The royal portrait on Iranian coinage From Achaemenid archer to Qajar bust: two millennia of ruler imagery in metal. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#coin-legends-titulature 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Nader_Shah_minted_in_Isfahan.jpg Reading royal titulature on Iranian coins 'Shahanshah', 'Sultan', 'Vakil', 'Khaqan': what titles reveal about legitimacy. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#coin-mint-marks 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Naser_al-Din_Shah_Qajar_minted_in_Tehran.jpg Decoding mint marks on Iranian coinage Abbreviations from Sasanian AHM to Qajar 'zarb Tehran': a practical primer. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#religious-legends 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Shah_Ismail_I_minted_in_Tabriz.jpg Religious legends on Islamic-Iranian coinage Shahada, Twelver Shiʿi additions, Fatimid slogans, dynastic religious signalling. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#reading-hijri-dates 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Naser_al-Din_Shah_Qajar_minted_in_Tehran.jpg Reading Hijri dates on Iranian coins Hijri vs. Iranian solar calendar, common date formats, AH-to-CE conversion. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#grading-iranian 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_coin_of_Naser_al-Din_Shah_Qajar_struck_at_the_Tehran_mint.jpg Grading Iranian coins: VF, EF, UNC explained Sheldon-style grading applied to thin Sasanian flans and Qajar machine-struck. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#authentication-fakes 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Drachma_Khosrow_I_Anushirvan_5390188708_.jpg Authenticating Persian coins: common forgeries Cast vs. struck, modern Iranian fakes of Sasanian drachms, weight tests. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#storage-care 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/1_pahlavi_gold_coin_reza_shah_pahlavi_legend.jpg Storing and conserving silver and gold coins Humidity, PVC, hand contact, archival flips, why not to clean ancient coins. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#hack-silver 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Hack_silver_cropped_.jpg Hack silver: cut coins as bullion Why dirhams reach Scandinavia in fragments, weight-based economy, Viking hoards. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#die-axis-diameter 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Drachma_Khosrow_I_Anushirvan_5390188708_.jpg Die axis, diameter, and weight: measuring an ancient coin How to record die axis, why weight matters, non-invasive tools for collectors. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#photographing-coins 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_coin_of_Shapur_III.jpg Photographing Iranian coins for study Lighting angle, colour balance, showing legends on curved flans. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#hoard-provenance 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Silver_coin_of_Shapur_I_241-272_CE_from_Iraq_Sulaymaniyah_Museum.jpg Coin hoards and provenance: why context matters Legal export, published hoards, why unprovenanced material harms scholarship. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#achaemenid-empire 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Bisotun_Iran_Relief_Achamenid_Period.jpg The Achaemenid empire in coins and inscriptions Cyrus to Darius III, satrapal coinage at Sardis and elsewhere, royal road economy. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#seleucid-iran 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Antiochus_III_197_BC.JPG Seleucid Iran and Greek coinage in the East Antiochus III at Ecbatana, tetradrachms, Persian responses (Frataraka). https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#parthian-dynasty 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Mithridates_II_of_Parthia.jpg The Parthian Arsacid dynasty in coins Arsaces I to Artabanus IV, four centuries of drachms and tetradrachms. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#sasanian-dynasty 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_the_Sasanian_king_Yazdegerd_III_651_mint.jpg The Sasanian dynasty through its coins Ardashir I to Yazdegerd III, crown changes per king, propaganda in metal. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#saffarid 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Ya_qub_al-Layth_s_Silver_Dirham.jpg Yaqub al-Layth and the Saffarid coinage Sistani coppersmith turned ruler, Persian revival, dirham issues. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#khwarazmshahs 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Ala_Al-Din_Muhammad_Khwarazmshah_gold_coin.jpg The Khwarazmshahs on the eve of Mongol invasion Ala al-Din Muhammad's gold, fragile empire, Genghis Khan's reprisal. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#ghaznavids 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Mas_ud_III_Gold_Dinar.jpg Ghaznavids: Persian-Turkic synthesis in coinage Mahmud's dinars, dual Arabic-Sanskrit legends from India, Iranianate court. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#qajar-dynasty 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Mohammad_Ali_Qajar_Gold_Toman.jpg The Qajar dynasty in coins From Agha Mohammad Khan to Ahmad Shah, gradual modernization through tomans. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#pahlavi-dynasty 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/1_pahlavi_gold_coin_reza_shah_pahlavi_legend.jpg The Pahlavi dynasty (1925–1979) in coins and notes Reza Shah's founding, Mohammad Reza's modernization, White Revolution numismatics. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#afsharid-dynasty 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Nader_Shah_minted_in_Isfahan.jpg The Afsharid dynasty: Nader Shah and after Rise from post-Safavid chaos, imperial ambition, monetary reforms. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#zand-dynasty 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_coin_of_Karim_Khan_Zand_minted_in_Khoy.jpg The Zand dynasty of Karim Khan Shiraz capital, vakil title, brief but cultured interregnum. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#safavid-dynasty 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Shah_Ismail_I_minted_in_Tabriz.jpg The Safavid dynasty and Twelver Shiʿi Iran 1501 founding by Ismail I, ideological revolution, monetary networks. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#buyid-dynasty 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Adud_al-Dawla_minted_at_Basra_dated_982-983.jpg The Buyid dynasty: Shiʿi rulers of Baghdad Iranian Shiʿi dynasty ruling Sunni caliphate, medallions, Persian revival. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#persepolis 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Persepolis_The_Persian_Soldiers.jpg Persepolis and Achaemenid monumental sculpture Apadana reliefs, gift-bearing delegations, link between palace art and coin imagery. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#naqsh-e-rostam 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Naqsh-e_Rostam.jpg Naqsh-e Rostam: rock reliefs as state propaganda Shapur I's triumph over Valerian, kings' tombs above, parallels with coin portraits. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#bisotun 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Bisotun_Iran_Relief_Achamenid_Period.jpg Bisotun: Darius's trilingual victory monument Old Persian / Elamite / Babylonian text, the role in deciphering cuneiform. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#pasargadae 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Pasargadae_Ir_n_2016-09-24_DD_11.jpg Pasargadae and Cyrus the Great's vision Palace gardens (chahar bagh origin), tomb of Cyrus, transition to Persepolis. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#taq-kasra 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/The_Arch_of_Ctesiphon_at_Taq_Kisra.jpg Taq-i Kasra: the great arch of Ctesiphon Largest single-span vault of antiquity, Sasanian engineering, Arab-era afterlife. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#isfahan-imam-square 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Meydan-e_Imam_Imam_Square_as_seen_from_the_bazar_roof_Isfahan_5113702227_.jpg Isfahan's Naqsh-e Jahan: a Safavid stage set Shah Abbas's planned square, Sheikh Lotfollah and Imam mosques, mint quarter. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#sheikh-lotfollah 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Sheikh_Lotfollah_Mosque_Isfahan_Iran.jpg The Sheikh Lotfollah mosque: jewel of Isfahan Private royal mosque, peacock dome, Safavid tilework at its peak. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#nasir-al-mulk 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Nasir-al_molk_-1.jpg The Pink Mosque (Nasir al-Mulk) of Shiraz Late-Qajar stained-glass mosque, dawn light, Western-influenced Iranian design. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#choghazanbil 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Choghazanbil2.jpg Chogha Zanbil: a 13th-century-BC Elamite ziggurat Untash-Napirisha's complex, pre-coinage Iranian monumental religion. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#persian-miniature 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Timurids._Ulugh_Beg_I._AH_850-853_AD_1447-1449._AR_Tanka_25.5mm_5.53_g_3h_._Herat_mint._Dated_AH_852_AD_1448-9.jpg The Persian miniature: a portable court art Ilkhanid, Timurid, Safavid schools; Herat, Tabriz, Isfahan workshops. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#safavid-carpets 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Sheikh_Lotfollah_Mosque_Isfahan_Iran.jpg Safavid carpets: silk, gold, and pattern Ardabil carpet, Polonaise carpets, royal workshops of Isfahan and Kashan. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#persian-gardens 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Pasargadae_Ir_n_2016-09-24_DD_11.jpg The Persian garden (chahar bagh) and paradise Achaemenid origins, Safavid Isfahan, UNESCO listings, symbolism of water. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#persian-tilework 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Sheikh_Lotfollah_Mosque_Isfahan_Iran.jpg Persian tilework: from Kashan lustre to Isfahan haft-rang Techniques (cuerda seca, mosaic faience), Kashan pottery centres, dome interiors. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#cyrus-the-great 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Pasargadae_Ir_n_2016-09-24_DD_11.jpg Cyrus the Great and the founding of Persia Achaemenid founder, Cyrus Cylinder, tolerant governance model, tomb at Pasargadae. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#darius-the-great 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Daric_of_the_Achaemenid_Empire_Darius_I_to_Xerxes_II_.jpg Darius I: administrator of an empire Satrapy system, Royal Road, coinage reform (daric), Bisotun inscription. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#xerxes 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Achaemenid_Empire_Xerxes_II_to_Artaxerxes_II_.jpg Xerxes I and the reach of Achaemenid Persia Greek wars, Persepolis construction, coinage of the late daric period. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#shapur-i 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Silver_coin_of_Shapur_I_241-272_CE_from_Iraq_Sulaymaniyah_Museum.jpg Shapur I: conqueror of a Roman emperor Victory over Valerian, Naqsh-e Rostam relief, gold and silver iconography. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#khosrow-i-anushirvan 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Drachma_Khosrow_I_Anushirvan_5390188708_.jpg Khosrow I Anushirvan and the golden age of the Sasanians Tax reform, Justinian diplomacy, drachm output, cultural patronage. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#shah-abbas-i 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Shah_Abbas_the_Great_minted_in_Mashhad.jpg Shah Abbas I: builder of an Iranian empire Isfahan capital, silk monopoly, abbasi coinage, Portuguese/English diplomacy. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#nader-shah 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Nader_Shah_minted_in_Isfahan.jpg Nader Shah: the Napoleon of Persia Rise from Khorasan, Delhi campaign, Peacock Throne, monetary innovations. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#karim-khan-zand 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_coin_of_Karim_Khan_Zand_minted_in_Khoy.jpg Karim Khan Zand: the reluctant king Vakil title, Shiraz beautification, mild governance, gold and silver output. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#reza-shah-pahlavi 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Reza_Shah_100_Rials_banknote_1st_series_obverse.jpg Reza Shah Pahlavi: founder of modern Iran 1925 coronation, Bank Melli, name change from Persia to Iran, currency reform. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#silk-road 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_coin_of_the_Samanid_ruler_Abd_al-Malik_I_minted_at_Nishapur_in_955_or_956.jpg The Silk Road and Iranian monetary networks How Sasanian drachms and Samanid dirhams travelled from China to Scandinavia. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#royal-road 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Daric_of_the_Achaemenid_Empire_Darius_I_to_Xerxes_II_.jpg The Royal Road: fiscal arteries of the Achaemenid empire Susa to Sardis, postal system, tribute collection in silver. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#silver-shortage-crisis 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Dinar_of_Malik_Shah_I_AH_465-485.jpg The 11th-century silver crisis of the Islamic east Depletion of mines, debasement of dirhams, shift to gold and copper. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#vagabond-dirham 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Hack_silver_cropped_.jpg The 'vagabond dirham': Iranian silver in Viking hoards Samanid dirhams unearthed in Sweden and Russia, trade routes, secondary use. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#bimetallism-iran 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Dinar_of_Shapur_I_ca._260-272.jpg Bimetallism in pre-modern Iran: gold and silver together Daric-siglos ratios, Sasanian dinar-drachm exchange, Islamic dinar-dirham system. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#iranian-plateau-metals 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Gold_coin_of_Karim_Khan_Zand_minted_in_Khoy.jpg Metal sources of the Iranian plateau Silver mines of the Panjhir, gold from Elam, copper of Kerman, geological base of coinage. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#1932-currency-reform 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Reza_Shah_100_Rials_banknote_1st_series_obverse.jpg The 1932 currency reform: from toman to rial Reza Shah's Bank Melli, gold parity, transition from private to state issuance. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#bank-melli-founding 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/IRA-1b-Imperial_Bank_of_Persia-One_Toman_1906_.jpg The founding of Bank Melli Iran (1928) First state bank, taking over Imperial Bank note issuance, national monetary sovereignty. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#weight-standards-history 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/First_Umayyad_gold_dinar_Caliph_Abd_al-Malik_695_CE.jpg Weight standards of Iranian coinage, 550 BC – 1979 Attic, Persian, Islamic mithqal, and modern gram standards through 25 centuries. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#gold-hoarding-iran 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/5_Pahlavi_-_Iranian_Golden_coin.jpg Gold hoarding as private saving in modern Iran Pahlavi and post-revolution gold demand, bazar dynamics, gold ounce vs. Pahlavi coin. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#nowruz-coin-tradition 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_commemorating_Reza_Shah_Pahlavi_s_first_Nowruz_celebration.jpg Nowruz and the tradition of gift coinage Presentation coins at New Year, Qajar and Pahlavi practice, symbolism of gold. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#shahnameh-iconography 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Fath-Ali_Shah_Qajar_minted_in_Isfahan.jpg The Shahnameh and heroic iconography on Iranian coins Rustam, Kayanid kings, and epic imagery reflected in coin motifs and Qajar medals. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#iranian-calendar 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/1_pahlavi_gold_coin_reza_shah_pahlavi_legend.jpg The Iranian solar calendar and dating coins Reza Shah's 1925 solar reform, converting SH years to CE, contrasts with Hijri lunar. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#iran-national-museum 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Persepolis_The_Persian_Soldiers.jpg The National Museum of Iran and its numismatic collection Tehran holdings, Achaemenid to Pahlavi, key display pieces. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#british-museum-iran 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Daric_of_the_Achaemenid_Empire_Darius_I_to_Xerxes_II_.jpg The British Museum's Iranian coin cabinet Cyrus Cylinder, daric collection, Sasanian catalogue, digitisation. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#bibliotheque-nationale 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Peroz_I_minted_in_Adurbadagan.jpg The Cabinet des Médailles: Iranian coins in Paris 17th-century collections, De Sacy's contribution to Pahlavi decipherment. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#hermitage-iran 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Silver_coin_of_Shapur_I_241-272_CE_from_Iraq_Sulaymaniyah_Museum.jpg The Hermitage's Sasanian and Central Asian silver Perm silver hoard, rhytons, coin-adjacent luxury metalwork. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#encyclopaedia-iranica 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Naqsh-e_Rostam.jpg Encyclopædia Iranica and modern Iranian scholarship Ehsan Yarshater's project, coin-related entries, reference for numismatics. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#zoroastrian-symbols 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Peroz_I_minted_in_Adurbadagan.jpg Zoroastrian symbols on Iranian coinage Faravahar, fire altar, ashi wings; from Achaemenid seals to Sasanian drachms. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#poetry-on-coins 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Coin_of_Fath-Ali_Shah_Qajar_minted_in_Tabriz_dated_1811-2._Treasure_coin_presented_on_the_occasion_of_Nowruz_celebrations.jpg Poetry on coins: Persian couplets in gold Qajar toman couplets, Nader's poems, Karim Khan's vakil verses. https://persiantreasury.com/knowledge#avesta-and-coins 2026-07-23 monthly 0.6 https://persiantreasury.com/img/wiki/Drachma_Khosrow_I_Anushirvan_5390188708_.jpg The Avesta and the ideology of Sasanian coinage Zoroastrian scripture behind fire-altar reverses, priestly authority in silver.